[经典例句]
1. If you copy my homework this time, you will start a bad habit.
2. I’ll ask the teacher for help if I don’t understand.
3. If the traffic lights are red, you must stop and wait.
4. You can pass the exam if you work hard
= Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
5. If you don’t hurry up, you will be late again.
= Hurry up, or you will be late again.
[要点演绎]
◆结构:if是从属连词,意为“如果”,用来引导条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后。从句位于主句之前时,常用逗号将其与主句隔开。如句1、3、5。
◆时态:主句用一般将来时 (如句1、2)或主句谓语中含情态动词 (如must, can, could, should等,如句3、4) 时, if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来意义。
◆变换:含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,当主句主语和从句主语均为you时,可转换为“祈使句,and + 简单句 (如句4)”或“祈使句,or + 简单句 (如句5)”。
[学以致用]
将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 如果明天不下雨,我就和同学们去野餐。
2. 如果周日你去购物的话,我就去。
3. 如果你想减肥 (lose weight),就锻炼身体吧。
4. 如果冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
5. 如果可能的话,我就去火车站接你。
Key:
1. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will have a picnic with my classmates.
2. I will go shopping on Sunday if you do.
3. Take some exercise if you want to lose weight.
4. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
5. If (it is) possible, I’ll meet you at the train station.
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