课文详注 Further notes on the text
1. —Is that you，John？ 是你吗，约翰？
—Yes，speaking。是我，请讲。
口语化的电话用语。正式用语：Is that John speaking？或 Excuse me，I'd like to speak to John.
注意，在英文中，打电话开始时说“你是......？”“我是......？”时，不用 Are you ...？ 或 I am ...，而用that或this来代替。
2．Tell Mary we'll be late for dinner this evening. 你告诉玛丽，今晚吃饭我们将晚到一会儿。
句中 we will be late…是一个宾语从句，作动词 tell 的宾语，Mary 是间接宾语。
这个宾语从句省略了引导词that。late表示“迟到”的意思时通常作表语，与for连用。 be late for... 做......迟到
Hurry up, or we'll be late for the movie.
快点儿！不然看电影就晚了。
3. She invited Charlotte and me to dinner this evening. 她邀请我和夏洛特今晚去吃饭。
一般过去时陈述句，this evening 作时间状语。
invite sb. to dinner 请某人吃饭
【联想记忆】invite sb. to one's house 请某人到家中作客
invite sb. to one's country 邀请某人到自己的国家访问
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
He invites me to visit the Summer Palace tomorrow. 他邀请我明天去颐和园。
4．by the way, 顺便（问、说一下）。说话者忽然想到另一件事的时候用此来表示改变话题。
例如：By the way，can you tell me the way to the Beijing station. 顺便问一下，到北京车站的路怎么走？
语法 Grammar in use
宾语从句（2）
在以前已介绍过宾语从句一般由that, which和whom引导，它们有时在口语中可以省略。除此之外，宾语从句还可以由when, where, what, why, how以及 if和 whether这些疑问词来引导，而它们在句中往往不能加以省略。无论是that, if还是wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句通常都应以陈述句的形式出现。
请看例句：
She wants to know when you'll have a bath.
她想知道你何时洗澡。
I don't know where she lives.
我不知道她住在哪儿。
He wants to know what you are cooking.
他想知道你在做什么饭。
She wants to know why Mary is late.
她想知道玛丽为何迟到。
He wants to know if you are tired.
他想知道你是否累了。
词汇学习 Word study
1．extra
（1）adj. 额外的；外加的；另外收费的：
Could you get an extra bottle of milk?
请你再拿一瓶牛奶好吗？
On Sundays, she always gets some extra sleep.
星期天她总是比平时多睡一会儿。
Guests at this hotel can use the gym at no extra cost.
这家饭店的客人们可以使用健身房，不再额外收费。
（2）adv. 额外地；另外：
He usually works extra on weekends.
他通常在周末加班。
They'll charge you extra for room service.
饭菜送到房间是要另外收费的。
She is extra nice to her colleagues these days.
这些日子她对她的同事们非凡好。
2．overseas
（1）adj. 海外的；国外的：
The university recruits a large number of overseas
students each year.
这所大学每年招收大量的外国留学生。
This small country depends heavily on its overseas trade.
这个小国在很大程度上依靠于其海外贸易。
（2）adv. 在（或向）海外；在（或向）国外：
John is going to work overseas soon.
约翰不久就要出国工作了。
He has never been overseas.
他还从未出过国。
练习答案 Key to written exercises
Lesson 140
A
1 Yes, Graham Turner is speaking to John Smith.
2 Mary invited Mr. and Mrs. Turner to dinner.
3 Graham Turner said he would be there at six o'clock.
4 Because his boss wanted him to do some extra work.
5 No, he doesn't.
6 Mr. Turner's wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.
B
1 I want to know if you are late. Tell me if you are late.
I want to know why you are late. Tell me why you are late.
2 I want to know if you are dirty. Tell my if you are dirty.
I want to know why you are dirty. Tell me why you are dirty.
3 I want to know if you are lazy. Tell me if you are lazy.
I want to know why you are lazy. Tell me why you are lazy.
4 I want to know if you are busy. Tell me if you are busy.
I want to know why you are busy. Tell me why you are busy.
C
1 I want to know if you are writing. Tell me if you are writing.
I want to know what you are writing. Tell me what you are writing.
2 I want to know if you are cooking. Tell me if you are cooking.
I want to know what you are cooking. Tell me what you are cooking.
3 I want to know if you are painting. Tell me if you are painting.
I want to know what you are painting. Tell me what you are painting.
4 I want to know if you are playing. Tell me if you are playing.
I want to know what you are playing. Tell me what you are playing.
D
1 I want to know if Tom got up early. Tell me if Tom got up early.
I want to know when Tom got up. Tell me when Tom got up.
2 I want to know if Tom arrived late. Tell me if Tom arrived late.
I want to know when Tom arrived. Tell me when Tom arrived.
3 I want to know if Tom did his homework yesterday. Tell me if Tom did his homework yesterday.
I want to know when Tom did his homework yesterday. Tell me when Tom did his homework yesterday.
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