我们在上中学或大学时，大多数的写作作业是由别人布置的。因此，我们会很难知道该说些什么。然而在现实生活中，我们却是有目的地练习写作。我们可能得写报告、信件，等等。有目的的写作能给我们提供想表达思想的素材，因此，它具有很强的主动性。尽管如此，我们还是必须学会如何写作。写作的要旨就是把思想联系起来的能力。想要用英语做到这一切，我们必须掌握简单句(即只含一个主要动词的句子)；并列句(即用and, but, both...and等连接的句子)；复合句(即用when, as soon as, while, although, even if，分词〈finding that...〉，to不定式等连接的句子)。要写好文章，我们必须掌握句子结构，所以你可以查找一些能够为你提供这方面练习的教材。请记住：你读得越多，你写得也就越好。当你读书的时候，你的眼前就会有一个范文。给你读的文章写摘要是一种很好的训练。你可以把你写的摘要与原文作个比较。

8. If I keep a diary, will this help me gradually to improve my English?

如果我记英语日记，这能否帮助我逐步提高自己的英语水平?

Keeping a diary is an excellent way of improving your written English for the following reasons:

1) It is constant practice. Even the dullest days will always give you something to write about. The big problem is maintaining the discipline needed to write, so you don’t skip days.

2) You are writing about true experiences, so your subject matter is ready-made. A lot of people have difficulty writing because they don-t know what to write about.

3) Writing a diary gives you constant practice in three writing styles: narration, description and reflection. You need narration (and therefore plenty of practice in using the past tense) to say what happened during each day. You need description to record your impressions of people and places. You need a reflective style to say what you think about people and events.

4) Finally, don’t be too ambitious. It’s better to write briefly and within your command of English. So don’t try to write at length, or to use words and structures taken from a bilingual dictionary. After all, you don’t want to practise mistakes!
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坚持记日记是提高英语写作的很好方式，理由如下：

1)它是一种经常性的练习，即使最枯燥的日子也会给你提供要写的内容。然而最大的问题是要保持坚持记日记的制度，不偷懒。

2)你写下的是自己的真实经历，所以你的主题是现成的。有很多人感到写作很难，那是因为他们不知道该写些什么。

3)记日记可以经常训练三种文体的写作：记叙、描写和议论。你需要用记叙的方式(这样可以做许多过去时方面的练习)来记叙每天发生的事。你需要用描写的方式记录你对人物和地点的印象。你还需要用议论的方式来阐述你对一些人和事的看法。

4)最后，不要好高骛远。在你的英语水平内，写一些简单的文章，不要长篇大论或用双语词典中的词或语言结构，因为你并不想犯那么多错误。

9. It’s not difficult for me to understand a written sentence, but I’ve no idea how to choose the right word to make such a sentence.

对我来说理解一个句子并不难，但我不知该如何选词造句?

The more you read, the better you will write. A simple way of improving your writing skills is to concentrate on a short text in English. Read it carefully, then write (say) five questions about it. Then answer these questions with complete sentences which you write yourself. The answers to your questions will form a summary of the piece you have just read. You will be able to compare the sentences you have written with the sentences in the text. The essence of writing is to learn how to join ideas. If you practise in the way I am suggesting, you will come to master the words we use to connect ideas: words like and and but which we use to write compound sentences; words like when, since, although which we use to write complex sentences.

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