★ 形容词：
1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken
2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off
3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding
4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous
5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable
6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest
7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome
8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous
9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching
10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated
11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive

★ 动词：
1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize
2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger
3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with
4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate
5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture
6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur
7. 认为： think = assert= hold = claim = argue
8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve
9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold
10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize
11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten

★ 名词：
1. 影响：influence= impact
2. 危险：dangerous = perils =hazardous
3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = humane race
5. 老人： old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens
6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being
7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers
8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing
9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents
10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue
11. 责任： responsibility = obligation = duty = liability
12. 能力： ability = capacity = power = skill
13. 职业： job = career = employment = profession
14. 娱乐： enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment
15. 孩子： children = offspring = descendant= kid

★ 短语：
1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with
2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for
3. 从事： embark on = take up = set about = go in for
4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age
5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of