状语从句

 【热身训练】 从方框中选用合适的连词完成句子。每词限用一次。

as soon as   after   while   when   before    until

1. Jim says he won’t get off the bus 　　　 it stops.

2. I will tell him everything 　　　 I meet him.

3. 　　　 Linda finished this book, she went to bed.

4. Mary was watching TV 　　　 her brother was doing his homework.

5. Tim went to the Bird’s Nest 　　　 he arrived in Beijing.

6. Please wash your hands 　　　 you have dinner.

【融会贯通】

1. 由before和after引导的时间状语从句：

before意为“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前；而after表示的意义与before相反，即主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。如：

I found his pen after he has left. 在他走后，我找到了他的笔。

Did she leave a message before she went? 她走之前留言了吗？

2. 由as soon as引导的时间状语从句：

as soon as意为“一……就……”，表示主句动作紧接着从句动作发生。如：

I will phone you as soon as I arrive. 我一到就给你打电话。

3. 由when, while引导的时间状语从句：

when和 while都表示“当……的时候”。

when引导的从句动作和主句动作可以是同时发生，也可以先后发生。所以when引导的状语从句既可以使用非延续性动词，也可使用延续性动词。如：

My book dropped on the ground when I was walking in the garden.

当我在花园散步的时候，我的书掉在地上了。

When I come tomorrow, I will return you the book. 明天我来时，我会把书还给你。

while引导的时间状语从句强调主句动作和从句动作同时发生，从句须用延续性动词。如：

While I was sleeping, my brother was playing computer games.

我睡觉时，我弟弟在玩电脑游戏。

【拓展】

as也可以引导时间状语从句，但一般多用于口语中，表示“一边……一边……”。如：

He sang as he worked in the room. 他在房间里一边工作一边唱歌。

4. 由until引导的时间状语从句：

until / till意为“到……时、直到……为止”，当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式；当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时，主句要用否定形式，即not ... until / till ...表示“直到……才……”。如：

I waited until my mother came back. 我一直等到母亲回来。

They won’t go home until they finish cleaning the classroom. 打扫完教室，他们才会回家。

【温馨提示】

★ 时间状语从句的位置：

时间状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。如放在主句之前，从句用逗号与主句隔开。

While we were talking, the teacher came in. 我们正在谈话的时候，老师走了进来。

John was playing the piano when I saw him. 当我看到约翰的时候，他正在弹钢琴。

★ 时间状语从句的时态：

如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。

Mr Green won’t go to sleep until we come back. 我们不回来格林先生不会睡觉。【热身训练】 用because, so, so that连接句子。

1. A lot of people like her. She sings very well.

2. The teacher spoke loudly. Everyone heard her clearly.

3. I should go online. I can learn more about Hangzhou before the tour.

4. We must protect wild animals. They are our friends.

5. They were very tired. They sat down and had a rest.

【融会贯通】

目的状语从句

表示目的的状语从句可以由so that来引导；目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。如：

Say it louder so that everyone can hear you. 再大点声说，以便大家都能听到你。

如果目的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同， 可用in order to替换该目的状语从句。如：

Henry took a taxi so that he could catch the train. = Henry took a taxi in order to catch the train. 为了能赶上火车，亨利乘了一辆出租车。

结果状语从句

本模块学到的表示结果的状语从句由so来引导。如：

The child hid behind the door, so you didn’t see him. 那个孩子藏在门后，所以你看不见他。

原因状语从句

表示原因的状语从句可以由because或since来引导。

1. because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，表示直接原因，用来说明人所不知的原因，语气最强，用来回答why引导的疑问句。如：

I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。

注意：because习惯上不能与so连用；because引导的原因状语从句有时可以与带有because of短语的句子互换。如：

Mr Green didn’t come because it was raining heavily.

= Mr Green didn’t come because of the heavy rain.

因为下大雨，格林先生没有来。

2. since引导的原因状语从句一般放在主句之前，表示已知的、显然的理由，语气比because弱。如：

Since you are free today, you should tidy up your room.

既然今天你休息，你应该收拾一下你的房间。

Key：

1. A lot of people like her because she sings very well.

2. The teacher spoke loudly so everyone heard her clearly.

3. I should go online so that I can learn more about Hangzhou before the tour.

4. We must protect wild animals because they are our friends.

5. They were very tired, so they sat down and had a rest.

 【热身训练】

Ⅰ. 单选。

(   )1. Though Tom is English, 　  　 he speaks Chinese well.

        A. but           B. and              C. so              D. /

(   )2.   — Sam, you look tired today. What’s the matter?

           — I was 　  　 busy 　  　 I didn’t go to bed until midnight (半夜) yesterday.

        A. too; to      B. so; that        C. so; to          D. too; so

(   )3. 　  　 they arrived early at the airport, they missed their flight.

        A. If              B. Because      C. As soon as  D. Although

Ⅱ. 根据所给中文完成下列句子。

  4. 天气这么好，我想去游泳。

       The weather is 　  　 nice 　  　 I want to go swimming.

  5. 尽管彼得努力学习，但他还是没有通过考试。

       　  　 Peter studied hard, he didn’t pass the exam.

  6. 那台电脑太贵，我买不起。

       That computer was 　  　 　  　 　  　 I was not able to afford (承担得起) it.

  7. 这部电影这么有趣以至于我看了两次。

      The film was 　  　 　  　 　  　 I saw it twice.

Ⅲ. 写出下列句子的同义表达方式。

  8. It was not very cold though it was raining.

      It was raining, 　  　 it was not very cold.

  9. Kitty is creative enough to be an artist.

      Kitty is 　  　 　  　 that 　  　 can be an artist.

10. Henry got up so late that he couldn’t catch the early bus.

     Henry got up 　  　 late 　  　 　  　 the early bus.

【融会贯通】

结果状语从句

结果状语从句除了用so引导外，还可以用so…that…来引导，so后用形容词或副词表示程度，that从句表示结果。常用的句型有：

1. so + 形容词 + that从句。如：

It was so cold outside that we had to stop the game. 外面天气太冷了，我们不得不停止比赛。

2. so + 副词 + that从句。如：

Tom ran so fast that he won the first place. 汤姆跑得非常快，结果他得了第一名。

3. so +  many / much / few / little + 名词 + that从句。如：

There was so much work to do that Mary got tired. 有这么多的事要做，玛丽感到累了。

让步状语从句

although或though可以连接让步状语从句。这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中，though较常使用，although比though正式，二者都可与yet或still连用，但不能与but连用。如：

Although / Though it was very late, Mr Green (still) kept on working.

虽然很晚了，但格林先生仍然继续工作。

Although / Though Uncle Wang is very old, (yet) he is quite strong.

王叔叔虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。

although引导的让步状语从句多位于主句之前，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。如：

Wendy enjoyed playing the piano though it is very boring.

虽然弹钢琴很枯燥，温迪却很乐意弹。

Key：

1-3 DBD                      4. so; that                     5. Although  

6. so expensive that       7. so interesting that      8. but    

9. so creative; she        10. too; to catch