Lesson 40 Who’s who 真假难辨
一、【Text】课文
It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.
When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语
●hoax n. 骗局，戏弄
●deception n. 欺骗，骗局
●self-respecting adj. 自重的
●indulge v. 使沉迷
●pneumatic adj. 气动的
●drill n. 钻
●silly adj. 无意义的，无聊的
●advance adj. 预先的，事先获得的
●archway n. 拱形门楼
●remonstrate v. 规劝，告诫
●ironically adv. 讽刺地
●permission n. 许可
●grant v. 同意，准予
■hoax n. 骗局，戏弄
play a hoax on sb. 戏弄某人
play a trick on sb. 戏弄某人
play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑
Eg: The boy student is thinking how to play a hoax on his classmate.
■deception n. 欺骗，骗局
deception 无关紧要的骗局，并不是故意的欺骗
Eg: She referred to the pills as sweet, so the harmless deception made it easy for her child to take them.
deceit （故意的）欺骗
Eg: We are incapable of deceit.
fraud 对公众的欺骗行为，多指官方的欺骗或财政舞弊
trickery 欺骗（语气上严厉）,着重有步骤地诡计来谋取私利。
Eg: He had gained control of the company by trickery.
■self-respecting adj. 自重的
■indulge v. 使沉迷
indulge oneself in sth. 沉迷于…………== be indulged in
Eg: He indulged himself in smoking and drinking.
=He was indulged in smoking and drinking.
v. 纵容
Eg: She indulges her only son.
■pneumatic adj. 气动的
■drill n. 钻
■silly adj. 无意义的，无聊的
foolish 强调愚蠢的，笨的，不明智的
Eg: I remonstrated him not to do anything foolish.
silly 无意义的， 无聊的，无知的
Eg: Being called silly is not compliment.
Don’t play such a silly hoax.
stupid 人及言行缺乏良好的判断力，天生的迟钝
Eg: His son is as stupid as all.
dull 迟钝的
Eg: the old man’s hearing has become dull.
She is a dull girl.
■advance adj. 预先的，事先获得的
advance information / in advance
■archway n. 拱形门楼
■remonstrate v. 规劝，告诫
remonstrate sb to do sth 规劝某人做某事
■ironically adv. 讽刺地
■permission n. 许可
■grant v. 同意，准予
ask sb. for permission请求许可
give / grant sb. permission 准予许可
三、【课文精析】
Key sentence:
It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.
Eg: It has never been explained why he seems to enjoy doing it.
specialize in. 专门研究
Eg: He specialized in biology after graduation.
Key sentence:
Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in.
except the victims / but the victims
tear up == destroy
take sb seriously 严肃对待
be to do 结构含义：
1. should
Eg: Such a private thing should be avoided.
Such a private thing is to be avoided
2. must
Eg: No students must leave school without the permission of the police.
No students are to leave school without the permission of the police.
3. intend 意图，打算
Eg: We intend to start work next week.
We are to start work next week.
Key sentence:
Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
be grateful to sb. for sth.
that went on == that happened
he threatened to remove them by force.
Key sentence:
The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help.
as he pleased 随他的意愿做
four more == another four
as this 听到
At the words,he got angry.
With the words, he left the room angrily.
Key sentence:
At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.
pointed out ironically 讽刺地指出
hardly be necessary 大可不必
under 与名词搭配表示一种被动的概念
under discussion / arrest / repair
Key sentence:
Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station.
make a telephone call 打一个电话
Key sentence:
Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone.
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